위키미디어 인권 정책

이 정책은 2021년 12월 8일 위키미디어 재단 이사회에서 승인되었습니다.

소개

위키미디어 운동의 비전은 - 모든 인간이 모든 지식의 총액을 자유롭게 공유할 수 있는 세계 - 이 두 가지 모두 인권에 의존하고 이를 가능하게 한다. 그 비전 이 번영하기 위해서는 사람들이 자유롭게 정보를 찾고, 받아 주고 전달할 수 있어야 합니다. 따라서 위키미디어의 자유 지식 프로젝트는 "모든 매체와 국경에 관계없이 정보와 아이디어를 검색하고 수신하고 전달하는 권리를" 확고히 하는 세계인권선언서 제19조에 명시된 표현의 자유에 대한 인권에 의존한다.

위키미디어 운동은 세계의 모든 지역사회가 우리의 프로젝트에 완전히 참여하고 이익을 얻을 수 있도록 지식에 대한 접근을 개선하고 접근 장벽을 제거하는 데 전념하고 있습니다. 지식에 대한 평등한 접근을 촉진함으로써 우리는 지식이 소수의 손에 집중되어 있는 역사적인 현상을 도전합니다. 권력과 특권의 구조로 인해 많은 역사와 관점이 배제되었다는 것을 인식하고, 우리는 무료 지식 프로젝트가 포용적이고 공정하며 고품질의 교육을 달성하고 차별 금지에 대한 인권을 실현하는 데 핵심적인 역할을 할 수 있다고 믿습니다. 우리는 여성, LGBTQ+ 커뮤니티, 역사적으로 대표되지 못한 인종 및 민족 그룹, 장애인 및 서비스가 부족한 지역의 커뮤니티, 그리고 사람들의 모국어로 지식 평등을 개선하는 데 전념하고 있습니다.

위키미디어 운동이 모든 사람, 모든 곳에서 모든 지식을 공유할 수 있는 능력은 세계인권이 보호되고 존중되지 않을 때 제한됩니다. 따라서 위키미디어 재단의 인권 정책은 모든 프로젝트에서 모든 인권을 보호하고 존중할 것을 약속하며, 우리의 세계적 운동이 번창할 수 있도록 정책과 기술을 옹호하는 더 넓은 작업을 위한 토대가 됩니다.

약속

인권에 대한 우리의 약속은 세계인권선언과 다음의 국제인권규범에 근거한다:

• 시민권 및 정치권 국제협약
• 경제, 사회 및 문화권 국제협약
• 국제 노동 기구의 근로의 기본 원칙과 권리에 관한 선언
• 여성에 대한 모든 형태의 차별을 없애기 위한 협약
• 아동의 권리를 위한 협약
• United Nations Declaration on Human Rights Defenders

As a private organization that supports the operation of digital platforms and services, the Wikimedia Foundation is committed to protect and respect all internationally recognized human rights in accordance with United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs). The Foundation is a non-profit organization. But our work in developing, operating, and supporting digital platforms and services exposes us, and all people who contribute to or interact with our projects, to human rights risks common to all digital platforms, including those operated by private companies. Thus we are committed to follow the global standards set forth by the UNGPs.

Scope: The Wikimedia Foundation's commitment to protect and respect human rights includes: how we respond to and protect members of our movement against demands and threats from governments that violate the human rights of people who contribute to or interact with the Wikimedia movement; how we respond to and protect against threats by malign non-state actors; how our projects and platforms can protect the rights of children; and all other ways that the activities and operations of our foundation, projects, and movement might affect the rights of employees, volunteers, audiences, and the communities they belong to.

We support human rights defenders (including journalists) who work to peacefully promote and protect human rights, and whose vital work advances and depends upon free knowledge around the world. We condemn all threats, acts of intimidation and retaliation, persecution, and physical and legal attacks against human rights defenders. In addition, we strive to support an ecosystem that promotes human rights, globally, including by advocating for laws that respect human rights.

Relationship to laws: In the context of operating platforms and services around the world, the Wikimedia Foundation recognizes that in some countries, national law may offer weaker protections for our staff, volunteers, and community than international standards or may directly conflict with them. In instances where national law is weaker and we have direct ability to uphold a higher human rights standard, we commit to doing so. Where national law directly conflicts with international standards, we comply with national law in cases where we determine it to be applicable, in accordance with our Applicable Law Determination policy.

How We Implement Our Commitments

We strive to protect and respect the human rights of all people in the Wikimedia movement, on our projects and beyond, and through governance that reflects the Foundation's values. As the hosts of Wikimedia projects, we are implementing this policy consistent with Wikimedia's culture and values and aligned with the Foundation's guiding principles: through openness, transparency, and in collaboration with the international Wikimedia communities. We will operationalize our commitments to human rights in these ways:

• Conduct ongoing human rights due diligence, including periodic human rights impact assessments, in addition to regular and robust engagement with rights holders and their legitimate representatives. Our human rights due diligence aims to ensure that we identify how all aspects of our operations and projects affect human rights, and in turn work to mitigate and prevent harm.
• Track and publicly report on our efforts to meet our human rights commitments, as part of our broader commitment to public transparency and openness through all of our websites and platforms, in addition to our dedicated Transparency Reports.
• Use our influence with partners, the private sector, and governments to advance and uphold respect for human rights. The Wikimedia Movement Strategy's commitment to increase our global advocacy activities both reflects and enables this effort to advance the realization of rights we are uniquely positioned to support, especially the right to share and access information.
• Provide access to effective remedies. In cases where the Foundation's prevention and mitigation strategies have not prevented our products, platforms, or operations from contributing to the curtailment, infringement or violation of human rights, we commit to maintain and improve mechanisms for reporting harms or abuses. We also commit to work with experts and stakeholders to develop or support appropriate forms of redress, proportionate to the type and manner of harm. We commit to avoid obstructing access to other forms of remedy including judicial remedies.

위키미디어 재단은 정기적으로 지속적인 개선에 최선을 다하고 있습니다. 우리는 이 정책에 대한 약속들이 실행되기에는 시간이 필요하고, 우리는 이 과정에서 우리의 성공과 결핍에 대해 우리 자신과 운동과 더 넓은 대중에게 솔직해야 한다는 것을 인식합니다.

People of the Wikimedia Movement

People are at the core of Wikimedia's work. Digital rights are human rights. For the Wikimedia Foundation this means paying special attention to our staff and contractors, volunteer contributors, and people who use Wikimedia projects. We also recognize our responsibility to people who are not direct contributors or audiences of our projects, but whose societies are affected by the impact of our projects on their overall information environments.

Foundation Staff

Wikimedia Foundation staff and contractors support Wikimedia projects, volunteers, donors, and audiences. Our workforce shares our commitment to free knowledge and respect for human rights, and the Foundation's Board of Trustees will hold leadership accountable for abiding by this policy.

We reaffirm the Foundation's ongoing commitment to educate and raise awareness levels for staff and contractors across all departments about how their work might affect the human rights of individuals and communities.

In managing our staff and contractors, we are committed to uphold international human rights and labor standards. The Foundation's Code of Conduct outlines our expectations that staff and contractors treat each other with respect and the Movement's Universal Code of Conduct defines expectations for everyone who interacts in and contributes to Movement spaces or activities. The Foundation will not practice or tolerate discrimination on the basis of place of origin, race, ethnicity, citizenship, gender or gender expression, age, political or religious affiliation, sexual orientation, marital status, family relationship, physical ability, or economic or medical status. We aim to treat all people with respect, and to foster a productive environment free of harassment, intimidation and discrimination. In addition, we work to ensure the physical safety of our staff.

Movement Volunteers

위키미디어 프로젝트는 자원봉사자들에 의해 만들어집니다. 편집자와 사진가들은 새로운 기사를 쓰고, 현재의 기사를 개선합니다. 개발자들은 우리의 플랫폼을 구축한 소프트웨어를 작성하고 유지하며 개선합니다. 그렇게 함으로써, 그들은 괴롭힘, 정부 감시, 또는 국가와 비정부 행위자로부터 복수 위협으로 자신을 위험에 노출시킬 수 있습니다. 자원봉사자들은 다른 자원봉사자나 외부의 행위자로부터 괴롭힘이 없는 환경에 권리가 있습니다.

Internal threats: Wikimedia projects belong to everyone, and we believe that everyone acting in good faith should be able to participate and feel respected. The Movement's Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) provides a universal baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire Wikimedia movement and all its projects. The UCoC is aligned with human rights norms and is grounded in the commitment to treat everyone who participates in the Wikimedia projects with dignity and respect. The Foundation is also committed to work with volunteers to ensure user conduct policies are clear, effective, and enforceable and that volunteers are provided with appropriate trust and safety tools, including tools to detect, report, evaluate and remove harassing content.

External threats: We recognize that volunteers may experience threats from outside the Movement based on their participation in our knowledge projects. At the Foundation, we conduct specific due diligence to maximize the safety and security of volunteers who are at greatest risk of persecution, reprisal or harassment in the course of their movement contributions due to their beliefs or characteristics, including human rights defenders who contribute to Wikimedia projects.

The Foundation's commitment to mitigate risks related to government surveillance is guided by our Privacy Policy. It is also guided by our commitment to the Global Network Initiative Principles for protecting freedom of expression and privacy when addressing government demands, and international human rights standards outlined in the Commitments section of this Policy. The Wikimedia Foundation will work to protect our volunteers from requests for their data that contradict human rights standards.

우리는 우리의 프로젝트와 운영에 기여하고 상호 작용하는 사람들이 직면한 위험을 최소화하고 완화시키고, 우리의 능력에 따라 직접적인 위협으로부터 그들을 방어하는 우리의 책임을 심각하게 받아들이고 있습니다. 우리는 자원봉사자들에게 정부와 다른 강력한 비정부 행위자들에 의해 합법적인 개인정보 보호권 침해로부터 자신을 보호하기 위해 지원과 자원을 제공할 것입니다. 300개 이상의 언어로 활동하고 있다는 것을 인정하면서, 우리는 상호 안전에 대한 공동 교육과 학습 문화를 발전시키기 위해 노력하겠습니다. 재단 이사와 직원들은 이사회, 운동의 구성원 및 대중에게 우리의 진전을 보고할 것입니다.

Impact of Wikimedia Projects

Wikimedia projects provide access to free knowledge around the world, thereby helping to advance a range of human rights. The Foundation commits to develop technology and products with guidance from staff members with deep human rights expertise. In keeping with such guidance we are committed to deploy technologies that are considered industry best practice to maximize the safety and security of everyone who contributes to or interacts with our projects.

Even so, we recognize that some projects could have features, technologies, or processes that may, inadvertently, have a negative impact on human rights across communities and societies. We recognize the need to evaluate specific risks related to children's rights. We also recognize the risks of malign misuse. For example, some people and organizations try to use our projects to spread misinformation or to suppress historical facts.

Some activities or projects may be misused by malign state or non-state actors directly and intentionally against members of our movement with the aim of silencing or discrediting them. The Foundation actively works to align responses to such threats with international human rights standards, particularly for freedom of expression and privacy. Where needed, Foundation staff employ a Crisis Response Protocol.

The Foundation also works with volunteers on systems and processes to identify and remove demonstrably harmful content, such as online child sexual exploitation material. Furthermore, we recognize that not all content on our platforms may be appropriate for all audiences, including children. We strive to support our volunteers with training to ensure that content is handled sensitively and appropriately where it may be deeply disturbing, resulting in harm, including self harm.

Due Diligence

Due diligence and impact assessment processes are important tools for identifying risks and developing mitigation strategies to limit adverse human rights impacts, including infringements of the right to freedom of expression and non-discrimination. We commit to conduct ongoing due diligence, including periodic impact assessments to ensure that our due diligence covers the full range of ways in which our operations, projects, and other movement activities could cause, contribute, or be linked to any human rights harms.

The Foundation is committed to develop processes for due diligence and impact assessment that can be applied by staff and volunteers to new as well as existing products, services, features, and technologies (including algorithmic systems), in addition to other movement activities such as grants, campaigns, and events. At the same time, we recognize that designing and scaling due diligence processes over 300 languages in a highly complex socio-technical environment is a long-term commitment requiring significant time and resources. We commit to continuous improvement of our processes for discussing, identifying, and rectifying any human rights issues in our projects—both internally and externally. We will be honest and transparent about our progress.

Governance

Implementation of this human rights policy is coordinated by the Foundation's cross-functional Human Rights Steering Committee, with day-to-day implementation led by senior staff across all of the Foundation's departments, including those that develop and maintain Wikimedia's technologies and products.

Grievance

The Foundation commits to continued evaluation and improvement of existing on-platform channels and grievance mechanisms on the Wikimedia Projects. Wikimedia trustees, officers, employees, volunteers, and independent contractors with a concern about the human rights implications of our actions can raise a claim via our Whistleblower Policy. Other stakeholders may communicate concerns to talktohumanrightswikimedia.org.

Accountability

The Board of Trustees has approved this policy and holds management accountable to it on an on-going basis through the Executive Committee. The Board further commits to include at least one member with human rights expertise. Senior Foundation executives update the full Board at least annually, including examples of specific human rights issues, and/or trends in types of human rights issues. The Wikimedia Foundation will continue to adapt our approach based on the findings of our ongoing human rights due diligence, engagement with volunteers, and engagement with other key external stakeholders.

자주 묻는 질문

Available are answers to frequently asked questions regarding the Human Rights Policy.