维基媒体基金会打击利用网络侵害儿童权益方针

The Combating Online Child Exploitation Policy is a set of guidelines and procedures regarding changes to or removals of content on the Wikimedia projects, or actions against specific individuals, performed by Foundation staff members upon receipt of one or multiple valid complaints from the volunteer community or the public, and/or as required by law.

This policy supports existing policies around user conduct, such as the Universal Code of Conduct, the Wikimedia Foundation Global Ban Policy, and the Office Actions Policy. It serves to formalize existing "unwritten" policies and similar gray areas between these policies. It also supports the Foundation's commitment to protect childrens' rights set out in our Human Rights Policy as well as recommendations made in the Foundation's 2023 Child Rights Impact Assessment. All office actions are performed pursuant to the Terms of Use.

Purpose and scope

The Wikimedia projects attract contributors of all backgrounds, spanning a large demographic range. Given the range, some volunteers, including minors, are inherently more at risk and potentially vulnerable to exploitation and disproportionate levels of abuse. The Wikimedia Foundation has a zero tolerance policy regarding content or activity that sexually exploits or puts minors at risk.

This policy was developed following extensive discussion with and feedback from community, industry and subject matter experts, and Foundation staff stakeholders. Any updates to this policy will be recorded as soon as possible, but may go into effect before the public document is changed. Questions about changes or current practice may be addressed at the talk page or emailed to cawikimedia.org.

兒童性虐待材料（CSAM）

在行業的最佳實踐中，對兒童性虐待材料（「CSAM」）的定義非常廣泛，並涵蓋了大量的主題和行為。通常來說，CSAM指代任何描繪了牽涉到孩童的、露骨的性行為的內容。在視覺上，對上述內容的描繪包含照片、影片、實況、數位圖片和電腦生成的圖片（含AI生成內容），且與真正的未成年人無法區分。

在法律上，CASM被稱為「兒童色情」。不過該詞彙通常不推薦使用。對該等內容的更多資料及定義也可參見各個細分領域內的團體組織的網頁：美國強暴、虐待和亂倫國家網絡（RAINN）、美國國家失蹤及被剝削兒童中心（NCMEC）、國際網路兒童色情檢舉熱線聯盟（INHOPE）。

位於維基媒體旗下網站上的材料僅為一般資訊性內容，這為我們對CSAM的定義提供了依據。CSAM的範疇涵蓋了所有形式的文字或媒體內容，不論其內容是描繪了真實人物，還是使用電腦生成的，還是繪畫內容。在該方針下，您被禁止上傳任何描繪了對未成年人（即未滿18週歲之人士）性剝削的材料。您自己的也不可以。

被禁止的内容

被禁止的內容包括（但不限於）描述了未成年人如下內容的照片、繪畫、描寫、影片：

• 裸體，聚焦於生殖器官，且沒有明顯契合專案的教育價值（參見下文）
• 與未成年人或形似未成年人交媾的暗示或明示

• 對性行為的模擬（含未成年人衣裝完整工整的情況）
• 自慰
• 將未成年人與性玩具擺在一起，或未成年人使用性玩具
• 美利堅合眾國法律（18 U.S. Code § 2256）定義的其他「露骨性行為」

分享（或聲稱將要分享）連結至上述內容的連結同樣違反該方針。基金會保留遵循使用條款規定、在法律部門的自由裁量下，採取基金會行動移除其他材料的權利。

本方針不涵蓋的情況及內容

在罕見情況下，於其他平台上會被移除的圖片，因其在教育、醫學或科學層面上存在價值，可以支持維基媒體自由分享知識的使命，而留存於維基媒體專案中。

在我們的網站上可能可以存在的內容包括（但不限於）描述了未成年人如下內容的照片、繪畫、描寫、影片：

• 含可證明的文化或歷史價值（例如潘氏金福）
• 對裸體未成年人的藝術性表達，而該等表達具有可證明的教育價值（包括但不限於蘿莉控，羅莉塔，歷史漫畫、繪畫或照片）
• 來自於電影、電視節目，或知名藝術家的繪畫作品的材料
• 在舞台上或競技性質場景下（如知名選美比賽或體育比賽）出現的穿著暴露（如泳衣、運動服）的未成年人
• 描繪了堅守自然主義、裸體主義的族群的媒體資料，且該等資料存在的上下文語境明顯與色情無關
• 存在明顯的與科學、醫學、宗教相關的語境的媒體資料（例如在維基百科上用以描述未成年人某種特定疾病的圖片）

Reporting violations

If you come across material that you believe to be in violation of this policy, please report it to the Wikimedia Foundation immediately. You can send links to the material (or other links that may help us locate the material) to legal-reportswikimedia.org.

If you are a volunteer administrator, you should also feel empowered to delete or suppress the content per the editorial policies of your language version of the project. The legal-reports address is monitored by the Trust and Safety team in collaboration with the Foundation's Legal team. Material sent there will be evaluated and, if in violation of applicable policy, removed and reported as documented below.

If you believe yourself to be in immediate danger of threats of physical harm, contact your local law enforcement or contact Wikimedia's emergency email address.

Mitigating actions

The Wikimedia Foundation, as hosts of the Wikimedia websites and in compliance with applicable law, will remove apparent CSAM upon its discovery and report it to the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children.

Accounts found to have uploaded such material will be immediately locked in accordance with the Office Actions Policy. Actions related to the upload of CSAM are not appealable to the Case Review Committee due to the nature of the violation.

宣揚、支持或鼓勵剝削兒童的內容

維基媒體使用條款的第4節「避免某些行為」，明令禁止「鼓勵、培養、或提倡他人製作或分享[CSAM]」。您不得使用文字或其他方式散佈宣揚、鼓勵或支持兒童性剝削的材料，您也不得尋求或請求獲得這類材料。這包括但不限於：

• 為與未成年人發展性關係的行為辯護、宣揚或支持的內容
• 嘗試查明其他使用者的年齡和（或）個人身分，或嘗試強迫他們揭露此等資料
• 嘗試將與未成年人的對話交流轉移出維基媒體網站，目標地點不論是公開平台還是私人平台皆為不可

如果僅是包含善意且遵循各自項目編輯方針地編輯屬於兒童虐待或戀童癖話題領域的內容，這不違反本方針。

Reporting violations

If you believe a user is in violation of this policy, please report this to the Trust and Safety team by email to cawikimedia.org. Please include as much information about the situation as possible that you feel comfortable sharing, ideally including links to edits or uploads that are problematic. You may use the process documented in the Global Ban Policy.

Mitigating actions

Upon receipt of a report, the Trust and Safety team will open an investigation into the incident(s) in accordance with the existing Global Ban Policy. These investigations will follow the process and timeline as documented in the latter policy on the Foundation Governance wiki.

因兒童虐待被定罪者

在擁有刑事案底的情況下編輯是不違反維基媒體基金會的使用條款的。但是，如果基金會獲知編者有此類案底，基金會可能依然會展開調查以查明該使用者的參與是否會在網站平台或基金會贊助的活動中，對其他志願者或對服務運作產生風險。基金會也會考量其他風險因子。調查結束後，基金會會遵循一貫的處理流程，在決定推薦處置時會考量基金會得知此案底的渠道，並可能會依據使用條款做出措置。

維基媒體各個網站的志願者群體可以在此方面設定並施行更為嚴苛的方針。

Minor safety at events

The Wikimedia Foundation is committed to ensuring a safe and positive experience for minors and young attendees at events (both online and offline). Always refer to and enforce the Friendly Space Policy for all events that are supported, hosted or funded by the Wikimedia Foundation.

常见问题

How were the details of this policy informed?

Between January and June 2023, the Wikimedia Foundation's Trust and Safety team undertook extensive research of existing community practices and policies around child protection. These were analyzed in combination with the approaches taken by other organizations of a similar size and with websites using a similar system of community-led governance and moderation, general industry best practices, the Foundation's 2023 Child Rights Impact Assessment, and input from subject-matter experts. To this end, we undertook interviews with trusted volunteer community groups with access to nonpublic personal data, many of whom have encountered these issues in the past.

How does this policy interact with my community's policies?

There are a number of communities with explicit policies on child protection. This policy is intended to complement local policies on child protection where these exist and are enforced. Communities may create and enforce local project policies going beyond the shared minimal standards this topic-specific policy provides. Situations may also continue to be escalated to the Trust and Safety team by any community member.

How long does it take for an action to be issued under this policy?

Cases involving CSAM uploads are handled immediately after processing a complaint. The Foundation follows statutory expectations in the United States in processing these types of issues. Other matters may vary depending on the nature of the report. Most cases take between 3–4 weeks to investigate and take action on.

Can actions taken under this policy be appealed?

In general, actions related to content takedowns (discussed under the CSAM section above) are not appealable to the Case Review Committee. However, if you have reported a user for potentially violating this policy and the Trust and Safety team declines to act, or takes action you believe inadequate, this can typically be appealed.

How will this policy be modified?

The Trust and Safety team at the Wikimedia Foundation will review the impact of this policy after one year. After this time, we will undergo an audit of any actions taken under the policy and evaluate potential changes to its text.

Glossary

• Child Sexual Abuse Material (CSAM): Any content that depicts sexually explicit activity involving a minor. In the United States this is legally known as "child pornography".

• Minor: A person under the age of majority in their home country. For Wikimedia's purposes, we use the age of majority in the United States, which is 18. In other countries the age may differ, which can impact the legality of your actions on the projects as they relate to minors.

• Pedophilia: A paraphilia involving an attraction to pre-pubescent minors. This term is sometimes used colloquially as referring to anyone who abuses children, but its use as a clinical definition is much narrower.